Atoms and Properties

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Atom

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The smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of the element.

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Nucleus

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The small, positively charged center of an atom, contains protons and neutrons.

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Proton

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Particle in the nucleus with a positive electrical charge.

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Neutron

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Electrically neutral particle inside the nucleus of an atom.

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Electron

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Particle with a negative electrical charge, surrounds the nucleus of an atom.

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Electron Cloud

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Area around the nucleus of an atom where the atom's electrons are most likely to be found.

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Atomic Number

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Number of protons in an atom's nucleus.

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Mass Number

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Sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

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Isotope

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Atom of the same element (same number of protons) with different number of neutrons.

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Valence Electron

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The electrons on the outermost energy level furthest from the nucleus.