Science and Physics Terminology

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Accelerate

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to speed up

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Accelerator

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a machine which accelerates charged particles to high energies

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Antimatter

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matter that is exactly the opposite in every way from its matter counterpart: antiquark/quark; positron/electron

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Atom

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the smallest unit of a chemical element, made up of a nucleus surrounded by electrons

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Beam

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a ray of light; a group of particles traveling together along a well-defined path

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BEAMS

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the acronym for Becoming Enthusiastic About Math and Science

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CEBAF

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former name of Jefferson Lab; stands for Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility

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Celsius

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a temperature scale on which water freezes at 0° and boils at 100°

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Charge

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the amount of electricity carried by a body (A charge can be negative, like an electron, or positive, like a proton. Objects with opposite charges attract one another, while objects with like charges repel one another.)

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Chemical Change

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a change in the chemical composition of a substance to produce a new material with new properties (An example of a chemical change is wood turning to ash and smoke when it burns.)