Vocabulary Questions Biology 2nd semester

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What is a common ancestor?

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A common ancestor is an organism from which different species have evolved. It is a key concept in evolutionary biology that explains similarities among species.

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What is radiation in the context of cancer treatment?

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Radiation is a type of cancer treatment that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells. It can be effective but increases the risk of developing new cancers.

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What does the term 'gene pool' refer to?

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A gene pool is the total collection of genes in a population at a given time, representing the genetic diversity available for evolution.

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What is meiosis?

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Meiosis is a special type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells) for sexual reproduction.

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What is ecological resilience?

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Ecological resilience is the ability of an ecosystem to recover from disturbances, such as wildfires or human impact, and return to its original state.

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What is chemotherapy?

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Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs to kill cancer cells or stop their growth. It can affect both cancerous and healthy cells.

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What is the significance of genetic mutations?

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Genetic mutations are changes in DNA sequences that can lead to variations in traits. They are a source of genetic diversity and can drive evolution.

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What is the role of photosynthesis in ecosystems?

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Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy, producing oxygen and organic compounds that serve as food for other organisms.

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What is a food web?

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A food web is a complex network of feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem, illustrating how energy and nutrients flow through different trophic levels.

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What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

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Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces four genetically diverse gametes with half the chromosome number.