Ren, Sci Rev, Pro Ref Review

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Renaissance

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A period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity, characterized by a revival of interest in the classical art, architecture, literature, and learning.

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Scientific Revolution

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A period of great scientific discovery and advancement in Europe, typically dated from the late Renaissance to the late 18th century, which laid the foundations for modern science.

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Protestant Reformation

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A religious reform movement in the 16th century that led to the creation of Protestant Christianity and significant changes in the Catholic Church.

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Humanism

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An intellectual movement of the Renaissance that focused on the study of classical texts and emphasized human potential and achievements.

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Printing Press

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An invention by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century that revolutionized the spread of information by making books and written materials more accessible and affordable.

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Leonardo da Vinci

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A renowned Renaissance artist, scientist, and inventor, known for masterpieces such as the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper, as well as his innovative studies in anatomy and engineering.

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Nicolaus Copernicus

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A Renaissance-era mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at its center, initiating a major shift in scientific thought.

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Martin Luther

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A German theologian whose writings and actions sparked the Protestant Reformation, challenging the practices of the Catholic Church and leading to the formation of new Christian denominations.

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Patronage

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A system during the Renaissance where wealthy individuals or families, such as the Medici, supported artists, writers, and scholars, enabling the flourishing of arts and culture.

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Johannes Gutenberg

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The inventor of the movable-type printing press, whose innovation in the 15th century greatly increased the availability of books and helped spread Renaissance and Reformation ideas across Europe.