The Mole

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Mole

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A fundamental unit in chemistry representing Avogadro's number of particles, usually atoms or molecules.

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Avogadro’s constant

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The number of constituent particles, usually atoms or molecules, that are contained in one mole, approximately 6.022 x 10^23.

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Relative atomic mass (Ar)

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The weighted average mass of the atoms in a naturally occurring element, relative to 1/12th the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

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Relative molecular mass (Mr)

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The sum of the relative atomic masses of the atoms in a molecule.

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Formula unit

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The lowest whole number ratio of ions represented in an ionic compound.

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Hydrates

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Compounds that have a specific number of water molecules bound to their atoms.

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Stoichiometric coefficient

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The number in front of a species in a chemical equation that indicates the ratio in which substances react or are produced.

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Molar mass (M)

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The mass of one mole of a substance, usually expressed in grams per mole.

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Mass-to-mole conversion

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The process of converting mass of a substance to moles using its molar mass.

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Number of particles

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The total count of atoms, ions, or molecules in a given amount of substance, often calculated using Avogadro's constant.