DNA: Life's Blueprint

Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

Front

What is a chromosome?

Back

A chromosome is a long, thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes.

Front

What is a cell?

Back

A cell is the basic unit of life. It is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the nucleus?

Back

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA).

Front

What is replication in DNA?

Back

Replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. It is the first step in gene expression.

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information encoded in mRNA.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G).