Dr. ELLING 2025 2nd Semester Final REVIEW

Front

What is adaptation in the context of evolution?

Back

Adaptation is a physical trait or characteristic that enhances an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment.

Front

What are the two main processes that increase genetic variation?

Back

Mutations and crossing over during meiosis are the two main processes that increase genetic variation.

Front

What does fitness refer to in biological terms?

Back

Fitness refers to an organism's ability to survive, reproduce, and pass on its genes to the next generation.

Front

What are haploid cells?

Back

Haploid cells are cells that contain only one set of chromosomes, which is half the number of chromosomes found in diploid cells.

Front

What are the four bases of DNA?

Back

The four bases of DNA are Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Adenine (A), and Thymine (T), represented as GCAT.

Front

What is the role of mutations in evolution?

Back

Mutations introduce new genetic variations, which can lead to adaptations and evolution over time.

Front

What is genetic drift?

Back

Genetic drift is a mechanism of evolution that refers to random changes in the frequency of alleles in a population.

Front

What is sexual selection?

Back

Sexual selection is a form of natural selection where individuals with certain traits are more likely to attract mates and reproduce.

Front

What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

Back

Haploid cells have one set of chromosomes, while diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes.

Front

What is the significance of crossing over in meiosis?

Back

Crossing over increases genetic diversity by exchanging genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.