Tourism Topic 2 Flashcards

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What is globalization?

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Globalization, in the context of tourism, is the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of people and countries worldwide. This has been facilitated by advances in transport, technology and information.

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How has tourism demand changed?

Back

1. 1. Demand for tourism has increased across the world (more varied origin and destination)

3. 2. Tourists are demanding more varied types of tourism (not just mass tourism)

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How has tourism supply changed?

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1. 1. New tourism experiences are emerging.

2.Tourists are seeking specialized or exclusive activities. Examples include wellness tourism (e.g., medical procedures in South Korea, yoga retreats in Bali) and space tourism.

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What is economic leakage?

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Economic leakage occurs when money spent by tourists does not remain within the destination country but instead goes to foreign-owned businesses

(e.g., hotels, airlines, tour operators), leading to less tourism revenue benefiting the local economy.

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Why is over-reliance on tourism bad?

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Countries heavily dependent on tourism for income and employment are vulnerable to unexpected events like natural disasters, unfavorable political situations, economic downturns, or disease outbreaks, which can cause significant fluctuations in tourist numbers and impact livelihoods

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What are the difference between formal and informal employment?

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Formal employment

• 1. Stable income and benefits

• (example: hotel worker)

• 2. Contributes to income tax

• - money used for government spending

Informal employment

1. 1. Self-employed with irregular income and benefits

2. (example: busker)

3. 2. Does not contribute to income tax - money not directly channeled to government spending

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How does tourism promote cultural preservation?

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Tourism can provide revenue (e.g., from entry fees) to restore and protect cultural sites and practices. It can also create opportunities for locals to pass traditional knowledge to younger generations through cultural performances.

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What are some new types of tourism that have emerged?

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1. 1.Adventure tourism

2.Heritage tourism

3.Health tourism

4. 4.Sports tourism

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How does mass market tour operators differ from specialist tour operators?

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1. They differ in terms of:

1.Type of tourism experience provided

2. 2. Size of customer base

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Why is economic leakage bad?

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When tourist spending goes to foreign-owned businesses (such as hotels, airlines, or tour operators), it means less of that revenue benefits local communities and businesses.

For example, the locals will not have as much money to improve local infrastructure or skills (training and education)