Endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes attached, involved in protein synthesis.

Endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes, involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.

Flattened membrane disks of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.

The process by which cells recycle their own components.

Organelles that contain digestive enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Organelles that contain enzymes for oxidation reactions, breaking down fatty acids and amino acids.

A complex of vesicles and folded membranes involved in secretion and intracellular transport.

The central and most important part of a cell, containing genetic material.

Storage bubbles found in cells, larger in plant cells.

Organelles that generate most of the cell's supply of ATP, used as a source of chemical energy.

Organelles found in plant cells and eukaryotic algae that conduct photosynthesis.

The fluid-filled space surrounding the grana inside a chloroplast.

Fine, thread-like protein fibers, composed of actin, that are a component of the cytoskeleton.

Stacks of thylakoids within the chloroplasts of plant cells.

Membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria.

Intermediate filaments

Cytoskeletal components that provide mechanical support for the plasma membrane.

Tubular structures that help cells maintain their shape and assist in cell division.

A protein that forms microfilaments and is involved in muscle contraction and other cellular processes.

Hair-like structures that extend from the surface of many animal cells.

Long, whip-like structures that aid in cell movement.

The cell membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment.

A series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy.

Electron transport chain

A series of complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions.

A set of chemical reactions that take place in chloroplasts during photosynthesis.

The first stage of photosynthesis where light energy is converted into chemical energy.

The theory that explains the origin of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic organisms.

The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods.

A molecule that has both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts.

A model that describes the structure of cell membranes.

Proteins that are permanently attached to the biological membrane.

Proteins that are temporarily attached to the lipid bilayer or to integral proteins.

Lipids with a carbohydrate attached by a glycosidic bond.

Proteins that contain oligosaccharide chains covalently attached to polypeptide side-chains.

Having a tendency to mix with, dissolve in, or be wetted by water.

Tending to repel or fail to mix with water.

Selective permeability

A property of cellular membranes that only allows certain molecules to enter or exit the cell.

Molecules with a distribution of charge leading to positive and negative ends.

Molecules that do not have charged ends.

Having an electric charge, either positive or negative.

The movement of substances across cell membranes without the need for energy input.

The movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration—against the concentration gradient.

Concentration gradient

A gradual change in the concentration of solutes in a solution as a function of distance through a solution.

The process by which cells take in substances by engulfing them in a vesicle.

The passive movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Unit 2 Vocab: Cell Structures & Functions Flashcards

Student preview

65 questions

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Cells

Back

Basic unit of life, found in all living organisms.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Prokaryote

Back

A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Eukaryote

Back

An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Chromosomes

Back

Thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Organelles

Back

Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct processes.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Nucleolus

Back

A small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Ribosomes

Back

Molecular machines that synthesize proteins by translating mRNA.

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