The Future Simple in the Past is formed

by means of the auxiliary verbs should, and would and the infinitive without to of the notional verb.

denotes an action in progress at the present moment or at a given moment in the past or future.

The Present Continuous is formed

by means of the Present Indefinite of the auxiliary verb to be and Participle I of the notional verb.

The Present Continuous is used to

1. an action going on at the present moment. 2. when there are two actions one of which is in progress and the other is a habitual action, the first is expressed by the Present Continuous and the second by the Present Indefinite. 3. denote a future action with such verbs as to go, to come, to leave. The future action is regarded as something fixed. 4. express a continual process. In this case the adverbs always, constantly, ever are used. The earth is always moving. 5. express thought of as a continual process (with the adverbs always, ever, constantly). The action is represented as going on without any interval.

The Past Continuous is formed

by means of the Past Simple of the auxiliary verb to be and Participle I of the notional verb.

The Past Continuous is used

1. to denote an action which was going on at a definite moment in the past. 2. after such phrases as the whole day, all day long. They were working in the garden all day long. They worked in the garden all day long. 3. to denote an action thought of as a continual process. In this case the adverbs always, ever, constantly are used. The Past Continuous in this use is often to be found in emotional speech.

The Future Continuous is formed

by means of the Future Indefinite of the auxiliary verb to be and Participle I of the notional verb.

The Future Continuous is used

1. to denote an action which will be going on at a definite moment in the future. 2. can have a modal colouring: it can denote an action which is sure to take place, often independently of the will of the speaker and the doer of the action.

The Perfect form denotes

an action completed before the present moment (and connected with it) or before a definite moment in the past or future. It is formed by means of the auxiliary verb to have in the required tense and Participle II of the notional verb.

The Present Perfect is formed

by means of the Present Indefinite of the auxiliary verb to have and Participle II of the notional verb.

1. a completed action connected with the present. 2. after the conjunctions when, till, until, before, after, as soon as to denote an action completed before a definite moment in the future. 3. an action which began in the past, has been going on up to the present and is still going on. In this case either the starting point of the action is indicated or the whole period of duration. The preposition for is used to denote the whole period of duration. Since is used to indicate the starting point of the action. If the conjunction since introduces a clause, the verb in this clause is in the Past Indefinite.

The Past Perfect is formed

by means of the Past Indefinite of the auxiliary verb to have and Participle II of the notional verb.

The Past Perfect is used to denote

1. an action completed before a certain moment in the past. The moment may be indicated by another past action expressed by a verb in the Past Indefinite or by an adverbial phrase. 2. Sometimes PP does not denote priority but only the completion of the action. 3. an action which began before a definite moment in the past, continued up to that moment and was still going on at that moment. This use is called the Past Perfect Inclusive. The starting point or the whole period of duration of the action is indicated. To indicate the starting point the preposition since is used, to indicate the whole period of duration for is used.

The Future Perfect is formed

by means of the Future Indefinite of the auxiliary verb to have and Participle II of the notional verb.

The Future Perfect denotes

1. an action completed before a definite moment in the future. 2. an action which will begin before a definite moment in the future, will continue up to that moment and will be going on at that moment.

The Perfect Continuous form denotes

an action in progress, whose duration before a definite moment in the present, past or future is expressed.

The Present Perfect Continuous is formed

by means of the Present Perfect of the auxiliary verb to be and Participle I of the notional verb.

The Present Perfect Continuous is used to denote

1. an action which began in the past, has been going on up to the present and is still going on. 2. with since (denoting the starting point of the action), for (denoting the whole period of duration), these two days, etc. 3. an action which began in the past, has been going on up to the present and is still going on with verbs not admitting of the Continuous form, in negative sentences and with certain non-terminative verbs.

The Past Perfect Continuous is formed

by means of the Past Perfect of the auxiliary verb to be and Participle I of the notional verb.

The Past Perfect Continuous is used

1. denotes an action which began before a definite moment in the past, continued up to that moment and was still going on at that moment. Either the starting point of the action is indicated or the whole period of duration. The preposition for is used to denote the whole period of duration. Since is used to indicate the starting point of the action. 2. to express an action which began before a definite moment in the past, continued up to that moment and was still going on at that moment, with verbs not admitting of the Continuous form, in negative sentences and with certain non-terminative verbs. 3. but it is far less common than the Past Perfect Inclusive. 4. is rendered in Russian by the past imperfective.

The Future Perfect Continuous is formed

by means of the Future Perfect of the auxiliary verb to be and Participle I of the notional verb.

The Future Perfect Continuous denotes

an action which will begin before a definite moment in the future, will continue up to that moment and will be going on at that moment.

English Tenses Overview Flashcards

Student preview

29 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The Simple form

Back

shows that the action takes place in the present, past or future.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The Present Simple is formed

Back

from the infinitive without the particle to. In the third person singular the ending ‑s is added.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The Present Simpleis used to denote:

Back

1. Customary, repeated actions.

2. Actions and states characterizing a given person.

3. Universal truths, something which is eternally true.

4. Actions going on at the present moment.

5. A future action.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The Past Simple is formed

Back

by adding ‑ed or ‑d to the stem (regular verbs), or by changing the root vowel, or in some other ways (irregular verbs).

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The Past Simple is used to denote:

Back

1. an action performed in the past.

2. a succession of past actions.

3. repeated actions in the past.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The Future Simple is formed

Back

by means of the auxiliary verbs shall and will and the infinitive without to of the notional verb. Shall is used for the first person singular and plural. Will is used for the second and the third person singular and plural.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The Future Simple is used to denote

Back

1. a future action.

2. in Russian by the future perfective and imperfective.

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