10.8

Front

Traditional culture

Back

Customs and ways of life handed down from ancestors. Examples include farming in traditional ways, gender roles with men on top, and being very religious.

Front

Secular Culture

Back

Non-religious culture.

Front

Tradition vs. Modernization

Back

As people move to cities (urbanization), they often break from tradition. For example, women getting jobs.

Front

Ataturk

Back

'Father of the Turks' who helped to create the Republic of Turkey and wanted to modernize (westernize) Turkey as well as separate religion and government. Took over after the Ottoman Empire loses in WWI.

Front

Ayatollah Khomeini

Back

Iranian religious leader; when Shah Pahlavi's regime fell, Khomeini established a new constitution creating a theocracy (religious government).

Front

Shah Pahlavi (Shah of Iran)

Back

The leader of Iran after World War II, supported by Western government and oil companies. Tried to weaken the political influence of religion in Iran by limiting the role of Islamic legal and academic experts. Forced to flee from Iran in January 1979.

Front

Iranian Revolution of 1979

Back

Popular uprising in Iran in 1978-79 that resulted in the toppling of the monarchy on April 1, 1979, and led to the establishment of an Islamic republic.

Front

Theocracy

Back

A government controlled by religious leaders.

Front

Effects of Technology

Back

Connects people and can be used to inspire terrorism and revolution.