Relative Dating and laws

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Relative Dating

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A method used to determine whether an object is older or younger than other objects.

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Law of Superposition

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States that in undisturbed rock layers, younger rocks lie above older rocks.

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Law of Inclusion

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A principle stating that a rock containing fragments of another rock must be younger than the fragments.

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Fossil

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Traces or remains of organisms that lived long ago.

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Unconformity

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A gap in the geological record that represents a period of erosion or non-deposition.

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Law of Original Horizontality

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The principle that sedimentary rocks are deposited in horizontal layers.

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Law of Crosscutting Relationships

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States that a geological feature (like a fault or intrusion) is younger than the rocks it cuts through.

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Geological Time Scale

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A system of chronological dating that relates geological strata to time.

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Strata

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Layers of sedimentary rock or soil with internally consistent characteristics.

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Radiometric Dating

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A method used to date materials by comparing the abundance of a radioactive isotope to its decay products.