2025 Final Exam Review HYR

Front

What is the reaction between calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl)?

Back

The reaction produces carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and calcium chloride (CaCl2). The balanced equation is: CaCO3 + 2 HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2.

Front

How do you calculate the theoretical yield of a reaction?

Back

The theoretical yield is calculated based on the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation and the amount of limiting reactant present.

Front

What is a weak conjugate acid-base pair?

Back

A weak conjugate acid-base pair consists of an acid and its conjugate base that do not completely dissociate in solution. For example, H2O and OH-.

Front

What is the formula for calculating percentage yield?

Back

Percentage yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) × 100%.

Front

What is the molarity (M) of a solution?

Back

Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. M = moles of solute / liters of solution.

Front

What is STP in chemistry?

Back

STP stands for Standard Temperature and Pressure, which is defined as 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 K) and 1 atmosphere (atm) pressure.

Front

How do you determine the volume of a diluted solution?

Back

Using the dilution formula: M1V1 = M2V2, where M1 and V1 are the molarity and volume of the concentrated solution, and M2 and V2 are the molarity and volume of the diluted solution.

Front

What is the significance of the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction?

Back

The limiting reactant is the substance that is completely consumed first, limiting the amount of product that can be formed.

Front

What is the ideal gas law?

Back

The ideal gas law relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas: PV = nRT, where R is the ideal gas constant.

Front

What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?

Back

A strong acid completely dissociates in solution, while a weak acid only partially dissociates.