June 2025 Chemistry Final

Front

What is hydrogen bonding?

Back

A strong type of dipole-dipole attraction that occurs between molecules when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.

Front

Which compound has the strongest hydrogen bonding?

Back

HF (Hydrofluoric acid) has the strongest hydrogen bonding due to the high electronegativity of fluorine.

Front

What are electrolytes?

Back

Substances that dissociate into ions in solution and can conduct electricity, such as KNO₃ and H₂SO₄.

Front

What occurs at the anode in an electrochemical cell?

Back

Oxidation occurs at the anode, where electrons are lost.

Front

What is the energy level of electrons in different shells?

Back

Electrons in higher shells have more energy than those in lower shells, but they have the same charge.

Front

What are allotropes?

Back

Different molecular structures of the same element, such as O₂ (oxygen) and O₃ (ozone).

Front

What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Back

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

A scale that measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (acidic) to 14 (basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is a chemical reaction?

Back

A process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.

Front

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Back

In a chemical reaction, mass is neither created nor destroyed; it is conserved.