Cellular Processes Review

The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

They drive the movement of substances across membranes, influencing processes like diffusion and osmosis.

To regulate what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis and protecting the cell's internal environment.

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, resulting in even distribution.

A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration outside the cell than inside, causing water to move out of the cell, leading to cell shrinkage.

A hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration outside the cell than inside, causing water to move into the cell, leading to cell swelling.

An isotonic solution has equal solute concentration inside and outside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

Active transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy, following the concentration gradient.

Proteins in the cell membrane facilitate transport, act as receptors, and provide structural support.