Ecology Review 2024-25

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What is a food web?

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A food web is a complex network of feeding relationships among various organisms in an ecosystem, showing how energy and nutrients flow through different trophic levels.

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What is a trophic level?

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A trophic level is a position in a food chain or food web that indicates the organism's role in the flow of energy and nutrients, such as producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers.

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What is a primary consumer?

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A primary consumer is an organism that eats producers (plants) and is the second trophic level in a food chain.

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What is a secondary consumer?

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A secondary consumer is an organism that eats primary consumers and is typically a carnivore or omnivore.

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What is a tertiary consumer?

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A tertiary consumer is an organism that eats secondary consumers and is usually at the top of the food chain.

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What is parasitism?

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Parasitism is a type of symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits at the expense of another, harming it.

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What is mutualism?

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Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit from the interaction.

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What is commensalism?

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Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed.

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What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?

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Decomposers break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil and helping to recycle energy within the ecosystem.

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What is an example of a primary consumer?

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An example of a primary consumer is a rabbit, which eats plants.