Respiratory System

Front

What is the respiratory surface?

Back

Specialized structures in organisms where the exchange of gases between the environment and body occurs.

Front

What are the adaptations of the respiratory surface?

Back

1. Thin and permeable: allows easy diffusion of gases. 2. Moist: gases dissolve in moisture, facilitating diffusion. 3. Large surface area: increases the rate of diffusion. 4. Highly vascularized: ensures rapid transport of gases.

Front

How do aquatic animals ventilate?

Back

They move through water or move water over their gills for ventilation.

Front

What is the countercurrent exchange system in fish gills?

Back

Blood flows in the opposite direction to water passing over the gills, maximizing diffusion.

Front

What is the tracheal system in insects?

Back

A system of tiny branching tubes that penetrate the body and supply O2 directly to body cells.

Front

What is tidal volume?

Back

The volume of air inhaled with each breath.

Front

What is vital capacity?

Back

The maximum tidal volume.

Front

What is residual volume?

Back

The volume of air that remains in the lungs after exhalation.

Front

What happens in the lungs during gas exchange?

Back

Oxygen binds to hemoglobin, forming oxyhemoglobin, and carbon dioxide is picked up to be transported back to the lungs.

Front

What are respiratory pigments?

Back

Specialized proteins that increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood or body fluids in animals.