BIOLOGY STAAR REVIEW

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Codominance

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A genetic scenario where two dominant phenotypes are expressed simultaneously in a heterozygous organism.

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Natural Selection

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The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

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Enzyme

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A protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in the body.

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Immune and Circulatory Systems Interaction

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White blood cells from the immune system travel through the circulatory system to fight pathogens.

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Dominant Trait

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A trait that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

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Homozygous

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An organism that has two identical alleles for a particular gene.

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Phenotype

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The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

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Genetic Drift

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A mechanism of evolution that refers to random changes in the frequency of alleles in a population.

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Artificial Selection

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The intentional breeding of organisms with desirable traits to produce offspring with those traits.

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Substrate

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The substance on which an enzyme acts.