Unit 6 Test

Front

What is a heterozygous genotype?

Back

A heterozygous genotype consists of two different alleles for a particular gene, such as Aa.

Front

What is a homozygous genotype?

Back

A homozygous genotype consists of two identical alleles for a particular gene, such as AA or aa.

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype, such as red hair.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, represented by the alleles it possesses, such as Aa, BB, or yy.

Front

What does it mean if a trait is dominant?

Back

A dominant trait is one that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present, such as yellow seeds (Y) in pea plants.

Front

What does it mean if a trait is recessive?

Back

A recessive trait is only expressed in the phenotype when two copies of the allele are present, such as green seeds (y) in pea plants.

Front

What is the genotype of pea plants with homozygous yellow seeds if yellow seeds are dominant?

Back

YY

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the physical expression of that genetic makeup.

Front

What are alleles?

Back

Alleles are different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

Front

What is the significance of the Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.