Industry, Gilded Age & Progressivism Pt. 1 (VUS.10 - 2023)

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Frontier

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The edge of settled territory; symbol of opportunity and expansion in 19th-century America.

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Great Plains

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Vast grassland region west of the Mississippi River, home to farming, ranching, and Native nations.

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Rocky Mountains

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Mountain range in the western U.S., presenting challenges to settlement and travel.

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Settlers

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Migrants, often from the East or Europe, who moved West to claim land and build new lives.

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Farms / Ranches

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Primary economic ventures in the West, especially on the Great Plains.

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Cowboy

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Laborers who herded cattle across long distances; a romanticized symbol of the West.

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Cattle drives / Open range

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Moving herds over unclaimed land before the West was fenced; ended with the rise of barbed wire.

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Barbed wire

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Invention that ended the open range, allowing farmers to fence their land and control grazing.

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Telegraph / Telephone

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Revolutionized long-distance communication; sped up business and government operations.

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Steel plow / Mechanical reaper

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New farm technology that made agriculture in the tough soil of the Plains possible and efficient.