Cladogram

Front

What is a cladogram?

Back

A cladogram is a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among various biological species based on similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.

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What does a node represent in a cladogram?

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A node represents a common ancestor from which two or more descendant species diverged.

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What is the significance of the branches in a cladogram?

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Branches represent the evolutionary pathways and the relationships between different species.

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What does it mean if two species are on the same branch of a cladogram?

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It means that they share a more recent common ancestor compared to species on different branches.

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What characteristic do all organisms to the right of a certain point on a cladogram share?

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They share a common characteristic that is defined by the traits of the most recent common ancestor at that node.

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What are amniotic eggs?

Back

Amniotic eggs are eggs that have a protective shell and contain amniotic fluid, allowing for the development of embryos in a terrestrial environment.

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Which groups of animals are known to have amniotic eggs?

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Reptiles, birds, and some mammals are known to have amniotic eggs.

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How can you determine which species is most closely related on a cladogram?

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The species that share the most recent common ancestor on the cladogram are considered the most closely related.

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What is the difference between a derived trait and an ancestral trait?

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A derived trait is a characteristic that evolved more recently and is unique to a particular group, while an ancestral trait is a characteristic that was present in a common ancestor.

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What is the purpose of constructing a cladogram?

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The purpose of constructing a cladogram is to visualize and understand the evolutionary relationships and lineage of different species.