TOPIC 9.1 Kinetic Theory of Temperature and Pressure

Front

What happens when atoms in a gas collide?

Back

Atoms in a gas collide with and exert forces on other atoms in the gas and with the container in which the gas is contained.

Front

How can collisions involving pairs of atoms be described?

Back

Collisions involving pairs of atoms or an atom and a fixed object can be described and analyzed using conservation of momentum principles.

Front

How is the pressure exerted by a gas on a surface defined?

Back

The pressure exerted by a gas on a surface is the ratio of the sum of the magnitudes of the perpendicular components of the forces exerted by the gas’s atoms on the surface to the area of the surface.

Front

Where does pressure exist in a gas?

Back

Pressure exists throughout the gas itself, not just at the boundary between the gas and the container.

Front

What characterizes the temperature of a system?

Back

The temperature of a system is characterized by the average kinetic energy of the atoms within that system.

Front

What does the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution represent?

Back

The Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution provides a graphical representation of the energies and speeds of atoms at a given temperature.

Front

How is the root-mean-square speed related to temperature in an ideal gas?

Back

The root-mean-square speed corresponding to the average kinetic energy for an ideal gas is related to the temperature of the gas.