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Some scientists believe a spare planet could be useful if Earth is damaged.

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Genetically engineered plants could consume carbon dioxide and produce oxygen on Mars.

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Speculation on genetically altering humans for Mars.

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Some propose altering humans to survive Mars' conditions, but Dr. Haynes dismisses this idea.

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Evidence of past water on Mars

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Geological formations suggest that free-running water once existed on Mars' surface.

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Primitive plants could survive on Mars if atmosphere creation is successful.

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Scientists believe primitive plants could metabolize carbon dioxide to produce oxygen in about 100,000 years.

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Mars has insufficient gravity to hold an atmosphere.

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Mars, being half the size of Earth, would slowly lose its atmosphere to space.

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Common misconception about Mars' atmosphere.

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The old atmosphere is probably bound in the soil, not lost to space.

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Dr. Avemer's motivation for Mars research.

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The work has been done mostly out of love, with interest in visionary challenges.

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Ethical concerns about space exploration.

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Some skeptics believe humanity should keep its influence off the cosmos.

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Dr. McKay and Dr. Kasting's view on Mars' atmosphere.

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Processes removing Mars' atmosphere may be slower than those creating it, allowing persistence for millions of years.