Basic Chemistry Concepts

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Acid

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A substance that tastes sour and turns blue litmus paper red. It has a pH less than 7.

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Base

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A substance that feels slippery, tastes bitter, and turns red litmus paper blue. It has a pH greater than 7.

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Neutral

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A substance with a pH of 7 (e.g., pure water).

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pH scale

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A scale from 0 to 14 that shows how acidic or basic a substance is.

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Indicator

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A substance that changes color to show if something is an acid or a base (e.g., litmus, universal indicator).

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Neutralisation

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A reaction between an acid and a base that makes salt and water.

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Salt

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A compound made when an acid reacts with a base or a metal.