U3 AOS 1: Gene Expression

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Gene Expression

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The process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, often proteins.

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Transcription

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The first step of gene expression, where a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase.

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Transcription - Initiation

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The beginning phase of transcription where RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA.

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Transcription - Elongation

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The phase of transcription where RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template strand, synthesizing RNA.

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Transcription - Termination

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The phase of transcription where RNA polymerase reaches a termination sequence and detaches from the DNA.

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Transcription Factors

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Proteins involved in the process of converting, or transcribing, DNA into RNA.

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Promoter

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A region of DNA that initiates transcription of a particular gene.

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RNA Polymerase

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The enzyme responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence during transcription.

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Coding Strand

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The DNA strand whose base sequence corresponds to the base sequence of the RNA transcript produced.

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Template Strand

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The DNA strand that is used by RNA polymerase as a template for building the RNA transcript.