Genetics Review

Front

What does 'T' and 't' represent in genetics?

Back

T represents the dominant trait (tall), while t represents the recessive trait (short).

Front

What is a Punnett square used for?

Back

A Punnett square is used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame.

Front

What is the Law of Independent Assortment?

Back

Mendel's law stating that different traits are inherited independently of one another.

Front

What forms the backbone of a DNA molecule?

Back

The backbone of DNA is formed by deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation occurs when one nucleotide is replaced by another in the DNA sequence.

Front

What is the difference between insertion and deletion mutations?

Back

Insertion adds one or more nucleotides to the DNA sequence, while deletion removes one or more nucleotides.

Front

What is the role of adenine in DNA?

Back

Adenine is one of the four nitrogenous bases in DNA and pairs with thymine.

Front

What is the significance of the sequence ATTTGAGCC in genetics?

Back

This sequence represents a specific arrangement of nucleotides that can be subject to mutations.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by alleles (e.g., TT, Tt, tt).