Immunity and Immune Response

Front

What is the definition of immunity?

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Immunity is the ability of the body to recognize and eliminate foreign substances (antigens) or resist diseases caused by microorganisms.

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What are the two main types of immune responses in humans?

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The two main types of immune responses are natural immunity and acquired immunity.

Front

What is natural immunity?

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Natural immunity is the inherent ability to protect oneself from pathogens, present at birth, and does not require prior exposure to antigens.

Front

What are the physical barriers in natural immunity?

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Physical barriers include the skin and mucous membranes that prevent the entry of pathogens.

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What role does mucus play in natural immunity?

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Mucus traps pathogens and prevents them from penetrating deeper into tissues.

Front

What are the chemical barriers in natural immunity?

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Chemical barriers include substances like lactic acid and enzymes in secretions that inhibit microbial growth.

Front

What is the function of phagocytes in the immune system?

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Phagocytes, such as macrophages, engulf and digest pathogens through a process called phagocytosis.

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What is the process of inflammation?

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Inflammation is a response characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain, aimed at eliminating pathogens and initiating healing.

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What is acquired immunity?

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Acquired immunity is the immune response that develops after exposure to specific antigens, either through infection or vaccination.

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What are the stages of the specific immune response?

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The stages include antigen recognition, activation of lymphocytes, and the effector phase where antibodies are produced.