When should the CNA notify the nurse for a patient with a history of heart failure? A. Patient has cold feet B. Patient’s legs are elevated C. Patient develops swelling in ankles and has difficulty breathing

C. Patient develops swelling in ankles and has difficulty breathing Explanation: These are signs of fluid overload and worsening heart failure.

Which behavior is unsafe for a patient receiving oxygen? A. Using a humidifier B. Wearing cotton clothing C. Applying Vaseline to lips D. Staying in a well-ventilated area

C. Applying Vaseline to lips Explanation: Vaseline is petroleum-based and can ignite near oxygen.

Why is it important to observe sputum color in patients with lung disorders? A. It reveals hydration level B. It indicates lung function decline C. It may suggest infection or worsening condition D. It affects heart rate

C. It may suggest infection or worsening condition Explanation: Changes in color, amount, or consistency should be reported.

A patient with emphysema refuses to use oxygen. What should the CNA do first? A. Record refusal and walk away B. Encourage use, reassure, and inform the nurse C. Force usage for safety D. Increase oxygen level secretly

B. Encourage use, reassure, and inform the nurse Explanation: Respect the patient’s right to refuse, but report it for follow-up.

What’s the purpose of using pillows to support breathing in patients with cardiopulmonary disorders? A. Prevent skin breakdown B. Promote better chest expansion and comfort C. Help improve digestion D. Improve circulation to limbs

B. Promote better chest expansion and comfort Explanation: This helps ease breathing and improve oxygenation.

A patient on continuous oxygen reports drowsiness and confusion. What is the best CNA response? A. Decrease oxygen level B. Notify the nurse about possible oxygen toxicity C. Help the patient to sleep D. Ask if they’ve eaten

B. Notify the nurse about possible oxygen toxicity Explanation: These symptoms could be from oxygen overuse and must be reported.

A CNA is caring for a patient with orthopnea. What is the most supportive intervention? A. Provide more fluids B. Use pillows to elevate upper body C. Encourage side lying D. Massage the chest

B. Use pillows to elevate upper body Explanation: Elevation eases breathing in orthopnea.

A COPD resident feels short of breath after eating. What should the CNA consider? A. Suggest fasting B. Offer more food to compensate C. Allow small, frequent meals D. Lay the patient flat to digest

C. Allow small, frequent meals Explanation: Small meals help prevent abdominal pressure on the lungs.

A CNA walks into a patient’s room and finds them gasping with oxygen tubing disconnected. What should they do first? A. Yell for help B. Reconnect the oxygen and call the nurse C. Take vitals immediately D. Open the window

B. Reconnect the oxygen and call the nurse Explanation: Restore oxygen supply and alert nurse without delay.

A resident has a chronic cough with no change in sputum or behavior. What should the CNA do? A. Ignore it if it’s usual for them B. Offer lozenges C. Monitor and document any changes D. Suction them

C. Monitor and document any changes Explanation: Monitoring patterns helps identify changes in condition.

Why is Fowler’s position helpful for many patients with cardiopulmonary issues? A. Helps digestion B. Reduces stress C. Promotes lung expansion and reduces breathing effort D. Prevents foot drop

C. Promotes lung expansion and reduces breathing effort Explanation: Upright positions help with breathing and oxygenation.

A patient on oxygen wants to go outside for fresh air. What should the CNA do? A. Remove their oxygen and walk outside B. Tell them to stay indoors C. Coordinate with nurse to use portable oxygen safely D. Ignore the request

C. Coordinate with nurse to use portable oxygen safely Explanation: Fresh air is beneficial if oxygen is continued safely.

Why is Fowler’s position helpful for many patients with cardiopulmonary issues? A. Helps digestion B. Reduces stress C. Promotes lung expansion and reduces breathing effort D. Prevents foot drop

C. Promotes lung expansion and reduces breathing effort Explanation: Upright positions help with breathing and oxygenation.

A patient on oxygen wants to go outside for fresh air. What should the CNA do? A. Remove their oxygen and walk outside B. Tell them to stay indoors C. Coordinate with nurse to use portable oxygen safely D. Ignore the request

C. Coordinate with nurse to use portable oxygen safely Explanation: Fresh air is beneficial if oxygen is continued safely.

A resident with a history of heart failure becomes increasingly drowsy and lightheaded. What does this indicate? A. They’re sleeping more B. Their heart may not be pumping effectively C. They are dehydrated D. They need more stimulation

B. Their heart may not be pumping effectively Explanation: These symptoms may indicate poor circulation or worsening CHF.

Which of the following is an early symptom of low oxygen levels in the blood? A. Nausea B. Slow heart rate C. Confusion and restlessness D. Skin breakdown

C. Confusion and restlessness Explanation: Hypoxia affects mental status first.

A resident with COPD asks, “Why can’t I have more oxygen like others?” What is the best response? A. "Because your lungs are different." B. "Let me adjust it for you." C. "Too much oxygen could harm your breathing—your level is set for safety." D. "Everyone gets the same amount."

C. "Too much oxygen could harm your breathing—your level is set for safety." Explanation: COPD patients can retain CO2 if given excess oxygen.

Why is it important to document any changes in respiratory pattern? A. To meet facility requirements B. So others know you did your job C. It may be the first sign of a serious problem ✅ D. It's legally required for pay

C. It may be the first sign of a serious problem Explanation: Respiratory changes can indicate deterioration.

A resident becomes tearful after being placed on oxygen. What is the best CNA response? A. Ignore it, they’ll adjust B. Remove the oxygen briefly C. Offer reassurance and ask if they’d like to talk ✅ D. Call their family

C. Offer reassurance and ask if they’d like to talk Explanation: Emotional support builds trust and comfort.

A CNA finds a patient sitting up and leaning forward with lips pursed. What should they interpret this as? A. Attempting to sleep B. Showing off breathing techniques C. Experiencing breathing difficulty ✅ D. Preparing to vomit

C. Experiencing breathing difficulty Explanation: This is a classic COPD posture to ease breathing.

How should oxygen tubing be stored when not in use? A. Hung over bedrail B. Tucked in a drawer C. Coiled neatly and off the floor D. Left connected to the mask

C. Coiled neatly and off the floor Explanation: Clean storage prevents contamination and tangling.

A CNA helping with chest physiotherapy should focus on: A. Positioning the patient as directed B. Patting the chest without supervision C. Monitoring oxygen levels directly D. Offering food after therapy

A. Positioning the patient as directed Explanation: CNAs assist with prep and positioning.

A resident is anxious and breathing rapidly after climbing stairs. What should the CNA do first? A. Offer cold water B. Help them to a seated, upright position and notify the nurse C. Ask them to lie flat and rest D. Encourage them to continue walking

B. Help them to a seated, upright position and notify the nurse Explanation: Upright posture helps breathing and immediate reporting ensures proper evaluation.

A resident is placed on continuous pulse oximetry. What is the CNA’s responsibility? A. Interpret results and adjust oxygen B. Ensure device stays in place and report unusual readings C. Move it between fingers often D. Turn it off during meals

B. Ensure device stays in place and report unusual readings Explanation: CNAs ensure monitoring equipment stays in place and report results.

Why is encouraging rest between activities important for residents with cardiopulmonary disorders? A. They become lazy if not watched B. It helps reduce oxygen demands and prevents fatigue C. It allows staff time to catch up D. It reduces appetite

B. It helps reduce oxygen demands and prevents fatigue Explanation: Frequent rest helps prevent shortness of breath and promotes recovery.

A resident becomes diaphoretic and confused while walking back from the dining hall. What should the CNA consider first? A. The resident is overheated from the activity B. The symptoms may signal myocardial ischemia C. The resident is fatigued from social interaction D. They need to hydrate more

B. The symptoms may signal myocardial ischemia Explanation : Sudden confusion, sweating, and exertion may point to inadequate cardiac output or ischemia—must be reported urgently.

During a bedside transfer, a heart failure patient becomes pale and bradycardic. What is the most immediate CNA action? A. Reposition the resident in bed B. Lower the head of the bed C. Activate emergency response and stay with them D. Ask another CNA for assistance

C. Activate emergency response and stay with them These could be signs of cardiac arrest or syncope. Immediate intervention is necessary.

A resident with chronic bronchitis refuses meals and becomes less responsive. What should be suspected? A. Normal fatigue from chronic illness B. Poor appetite due to depression C. Worsening respiratory acidosis D. Medication side effect

C. Worsening respiratory acidosis Explanation: Decreased alertness may result from CO2 retention due to inadequate ventilation.

A CNA notices frothy pink sputum in a patient with known heart failure. What does this most likely indicate? A. Dehydration B. Pneumonia C. Pulmonary edema D. Gastric reflux

C. Pulmonary edema Explanation: Frothy pink sputum is a classic sign of fluid accumulation in the lungs.

A resident's pulse oximeter reads 89% after activity. What is the best CNA response? A. Encourage deep breathing and reassess in a few minutes B. Increase oxygen immediately C. Record it only if repeated D. Notify the nurse promptly

D. Notify the nurse promptly Explanation: This reading is below the normal range and should be reported, especially after exertion.

Cardiopulmonary Unit 36 Flashcards

Flashcard

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Health Sciences

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University

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Practice Problem

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Hard

Wanda .

FREE Resource

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37 questions

Show all answers

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

A patient with congestive heart failure reports shortness of breath while lying flat. What is the CNA's best first action?
A. Place the patient in Trendelenburg position
B. Help the patient into Fowler’s or high Fowler’s position
C. Offer water to calm anxiety
D. Take vital signs immediately

Back

B. Help the patient into Fowler’s or high Fowler’s position

Explanation: Elevating the head allows better lung expansion and helps ease breathing.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Which of the following should be reported immediately when caring for a patient with COPD?
A. Occasional dry cough
B. Use of accessory muscles while breathing
C. Request for water
D. Slightly warm hands

Back

B. Use of accessory muscles while breathing

Explanation: This signals respiratory distress and should be reported right away.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Why is oxygen considered a medication?
A. It is prescribed and requires dosage regulation
B. It can be used freely without danger
C. It is given only in hospitals
D. It is not absorbed by the body

Back

A. It is prescribed and requires dosage regulation

Explanation: Oxygen must be administered exactly as ordered due to its powerful physiological effects.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Which finding in a patient with pneumonia should be reported?

A. Slightly pink sputum
B. Increased temperature and productive cough
C. Deep sleep
D. Appetite improvement

Back

B. Increased temperature and productive cough

Explanation: These could indicate a worsening infection and require evaluation.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the most effective non-medical intervention a CNA can offer for a patient with chronic bronchitis?
A. Increase exercise
B. Encourage fluid intake and monitor sputum
C. Massage chest area
D. Decrease conversations to limit oxygen use

Back

B. Encourage fluid intake and monitor sputum
Explanation: Fluids help thin secretions and aid in clearing mucus.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is a common emotional effect of cardiopulmonary disorders that CNAs should watch for?
A. Anger and aggression
B. Lethargy only
C. Fear and anxiety about breathing
D. Euphoria

Back

C. Fear and anxiety about breathing

Explanation: Difficulty breathing can cause anxiety and panic, which impacts care.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

A patient using a nasal cannula complains of skin irritation behind the ears. What is the best CNA response?
A. Remove oxygen briefly
B. Apply padding to relieve pressure
C. Tighten the tubing
D. Decrease flow rate

Back

B. Apply padding to relieve pressure

Explanation: Padding protects skin breakdown caused by friction from tubing.

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