Functional Groups and Their Properties

Front

hydroxyl group

Back

-OH

Front

sulfhydryl group

Back

-SH

Front

methyl group

Back

-CH₃

Front

phosphate group

Back

-PO₄ ^2-

Front

carboxyl group

Back

-COOH, -COO^-

Front

amino group

Back

-NH₂, -NH₃⁺

Front

hydroxyl group properties

Back

polar, found in alcohols and sugars

Front

carboxyl group properties

Back

ionizes; acidic (negatively charged in solution); polar; found in fatty acids and amino acids

Front

amino group properties

Back

ionizes; basic (positively charged in solution); polar; found in amino acids and ACTGU bases

Front

sulfhydryl group properties

Back

polar; forms disulfide bridges by covalently bonding to other sulfhydryl groups in proteins; thiol