Academic Vocabulary for English for Academic Purposes

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Hypothesis

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A proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

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Experiment

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A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.

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Variable

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A factor or element that can change and be measured in an experiment.

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Data

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Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.

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Analysis

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Detailed examination of the elements or structure of something.

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Theory

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A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is acquired through the scientific method and repeatedly tested and confirmed.

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Observation

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The action or process of closely monitoring something or someone to gain information.

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Methodology

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A system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.

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Conclusion

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A judgment or decision reached by reasoning.

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Evidence

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The available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.