Flashcard Metabolismo

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Metabolism

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The set of all chemical reactions occurring in the cells of an organism, organized into metabolic pathways, divided into two main processes.

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Catabolism

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A set of reactions that break down molecules, releasing energy. Example: Digestion of carbohydrates.

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Anabolism

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A set of reactions that synthesize molecules, consuming energy. Example: Protein synthesis from amino acids.

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Importance of Metabolism

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Essential for maintaining vital functions, regulating the flow of energy and matter within cells.

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Functions of the Digestive System

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The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, and eliminating waste.

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Digestion

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Breakdown or degradation of food into smaller parts through chemical and mechanical means, allowing them to be absorbed through the intestinal epithelium into the body.

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Cephalic

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Refers to the cephalic phase of digestion, which involves the brain's response to the sight, smell, and thought of food, preparing the body for digestion.

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Absorption

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Movement of substances from the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract to the extracellular fluid.

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Lumen of small intestine with nutrients moving to ECF

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Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and tissues.

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Gastrointestinal Tract Length

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Approximately 9 meters long.