Classification of Matter

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What is the classification of matter?

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Matter can be classified into two main categories: pure substances and mixtures.

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What is a pure substance?

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A pure substance is a material that has a constant composition and consistent properties throughout. Examples include elements and compounds.

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What is an element?

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An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical or physical means. Examples include oxygen (O2) and gold (Au).

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What is a compound?

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A compound is a pure substance formed when two or more elements chemically combine in fixed proportions. Examples include water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2).

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What is a mixture?

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A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that retain their individual properties and can be separated by physical means.

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What is a homogeneous mixture?

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A homogeneous mixture is a mixture that has a uniform composition throughout, meaning the individual components are not distinguishable. Example: saltwater.

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What is a heterogeneous mixture?

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A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture where the individual components are distinguishable and can be separated physically. Example: salad.

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What is the difference between a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous mixture?

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The main difference is that in a homogeneous mixture, the components are evenly distributed and not visible, while in a heterogeneous mixture, the components are not evenly distributed and can be seen.

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What is an example of a homogeneous mixture?

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An example of a homogeneous mixture is air, which is a mixture of gases that is uniform in composition.

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What is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?

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An example of a heterogeneous mixture is a bowl of cereal with milk, where the cereal pieces are distinguishable.