Solids Liquids and Gases

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Liquid Noun

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[lik-wid]

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Liquid

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A state of matter with a definite volume but no fixed shape, whose particles can flow past one another.

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Example: The image shows liquids like water and oil, which have a definite volume but no fixed shape.

Front

Gas Noun

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[gas]

Back

Gas

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A state of matter with no definite shape or volume, whose particles move freely and fill any available space.

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Example: The image shows different gases like air and helium, illustrating that gases have no fixed shape or volume.

Front

Volume Noun

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[vol-yoom]

Back

Volume

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The measure of the amount of three-dimensional space occupied by a substance or object.

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Example: A box with labeled dimensions shows how to calculate volume using length, width, and height.

Front

Crystalline Solid Noun

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[kris-tuh-lin sol-id]

Back

Crystalline Solid

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A type of solid in which atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly, repeating, three-dimensional pattern.

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Example: The image shows a sodium chloride crystal lattice, illustrating the orderly, repeating pattern of a crystalline solid.

Front

Amorphous Solid Noun

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[uh-mor-fus sol-id]

Back

Amorphous Solid

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A type of solid that lacks an ordered internal structure, with its particles arranged in a random, irregular pattern.

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Example: Shows how amorphous solids have a disordered arrangement of atoms.

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Fluid Noun

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[floo-id]

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Fluid

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Any substance, such as a liquid or gas, that has the ability to flow and take the shape of its container.

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Example: The image shows a liquid in a beaker, demonstrating how fluids take the shape of their container.

Front

Surface Tension Noun

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[sur-fis ten-shun]

Back

Surface Tension

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The cohesive force among liquid molecules at the surface, causing the liquid to behave as if it has a thin skin.

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Example: The image illustrates surface tension by showing how cohesive forces act on molecules at the surface of a water droplet, creating a 'skin' effect.

Front

Viscosity Noun

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[vis-kos-i-tee]

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Viscosity

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A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow, determined by internal friction between its molecules.

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Example: A ball moves slower through honey than water, showing viscosity as resistance to flow.

Front

Thermal Energy Noun

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[thur-muhl en-er-jee]

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Thermal Energy

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The total internal energy of an object due to the kinetic and potential energy of its atoms or molecules.

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Example: Particles in a hot area move faster, transferring thermal energy to a cooler area.

Front

Temperature Noun

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[tem-per-uh-cher]

Back

Temperature

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A measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles within an object or substance.

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Example: Arrows show particle motion in hot and cold regions, explaining temperature as kinetic energy.