Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi

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virus Noun

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[vy-rus]

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virus

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A tiny, nonliving particle that enters and reproduces inside a living cell, lacking its own cellular structures.

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Example: The image shows a virus structure with labeled parts like capsid and genome, explaining how it enters a cell.

Front

vaccine Noun

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[vak-seen]

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vaccine

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A substance containing weakened or killed pathogens used to stimulate the body's immune system to produce antibodies against a disease.

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Example: A syringe is used to inject vaccines, which help the body produce antibodies against diseases.

Front

bacteria Noun

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[bak-teer-ee-uh]

Back

bacteria

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Single-celled prokaryotic organisms that lack a nucleus and are found in nearly every environment on Earth.

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Example: This diagram shows the structure of a bacterium, highlighting key parts like the cell wall, plasma membrane, and nucleoid area.

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protist Noun

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[proh-tist]

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protist

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A eukaryotic organism that cannot be classified as an animal, plant, or fungus, typically living in moist environments.

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Example: An amoeba is a protist that lives in moist environments, shown here with its simple structure.

Front

fungi Noun

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[fuhn-jahy]

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fungi

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Eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms with cell walls that obtain nutrients by absorbing them from their surroundings.

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Example: Fungi growing on a tree absorb nutrients from their surroundings as decomposers.

Front

microorganism Noun

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[mahy-kroh-awr-guh-niz-uhm]

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microorganism

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A microscopic organism, such as a bacterium, virus, or fungus, that is too small to be seen by the naked eye.

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Example: This image shows a bacterium, a type of microorganism, highlighting its structure and parts.

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eukaryote Noun

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[yoo-kar-ee-oht]

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eukaryote

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An organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is enclosed within a distinct nucleus.

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Example: This diagram shows an animal cell with a nucleus, illustrating the eukaryotic structure where genetic material is enclosed.

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prokaryote Noun

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[proh-kar-ee-oht]

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prokaryote

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A unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelles.

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Example: The image shows a prokaryotic cell, highlighting its lack of a nucleus and other organelles.

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archaea Noun

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[ahr-kee-uh]

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archaea

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A domain of single-celled prokaryotic microorganisms that often live in extreme environmental conditions.

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Example: This diagram shows the structure of an archaea cell, highlighting its parts like DNA, cell wall, and flagella.

Front

nanometer Noun

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[nan-oh-mee-ter]

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nanometer

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A unit of length equal to one billionth of a meter, commonly used to measure microscopic particles like viruses.

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Example: The image shows how a nanometer compares to a centimeter using a ruler, illustrating the tiny scale of a nanometer.