Carbohydrates Review

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What is a carbohydrate?

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A carbohydrate is an organic compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, typically in a ratio of 1:2:1. They are a major source of energy for living organisms.

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What are the two main types of carbohydrates?

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The two main types of carbohydrates are simple carbohydrates (sugars) and complex carbohydrates (starches and fibers).

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What is a monosaccharide?

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A monosaccharide is the simplest form of carbohydrate, consisting of a single sugar molecule, such as glucose or fructose.

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What is a disaccharide?

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A disaccharide is a carbohydrate formed by the combination of two monosaccharides, such as sucrose (glucose + fructose) or lactose (glucose + galactose).

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What is a polysaccharide?

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A polysaccharide is a complex carbohydrate made up of long chains of monosaccharide units, such as starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

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What is the primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

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The primary function of carbohydrates is to provide short-term energy for cells.

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What is glycogen and where is it stored?

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Glycogen is a polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals, primarily stored in the liver and muscles.

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What is cellulose and its role in plants?

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Cellulose is a polysaccharide that forms the cell wall of plants, providing structural support and rigidity.

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What is the difference between starch and glycogen?

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Starch is a storage form of carbohydrates in plants, while glycogen is the storage form in animals.

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What are dietary fibers?

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Dietary fibers are non-digestible carbohydrates that aid in digestion and help maintain gut health.