Energy Academic Vocabulary for 7th Grade

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Energy

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The ability to do work or cause change. It's not a substance, but a property of objects that can be transferred or transformed.

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Kinetic Energy

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The energy of motion. The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has.

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Potential Energy

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Stored energy due to an object's position or state. For example, a book held high above the ground has gravitational potential energy.

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Law of Conservation of Energy

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A fundamental principle stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. The total amount of energy in a closed system remains constant.

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Mechanical Energy

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The total energy of an object's motion and position. It's the sum of kinetic and potential energy.

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Thermal Energy

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The energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules. We often perceive this as heat.

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Chemical Energy

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Energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds (like food or fuel). When these bonds are broken, energy is released.

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Electrical Energy

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Energy caused by the movement of electrons. This is the energy that powers our lights and devices.

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Sound Energy

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Energy produced by vibrations that travel through a medium, such as air or water.

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Light (Radiant) Energy

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Energy that travels in waves and can be seen by the human eye. The sun is a major source of radiant energy.