How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells the same?

They both have DNA, Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Ribosomes.

How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells different?

Prokaryotic cells do not separate their genetic material within a nucleus.

First to observe living organisms.

First to observe 'small chambers' in cork and call them cells.

Concluded that all plants are made of cells.

Concluded that all animals are made of cells.

Proposed that new cells are formed only from cells that already exist.

Examples of eukaryotes

Plants, Fungus, Animals, Protists.

What is the role of the cell nucleus?

Contains nearly all the cell's DNA and the coded instructions for making proteins.

Helps the cell maintain its shape and is also involved in movement.

What organelles help make and transport proteins?

Proteins are assembled on ribosomes.

What are the functions of the chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Chloroplasts capture energy from sunlight and convert it into food.

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

The portion of the cell outside the nucleus.

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function.

A sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area.

An organelle containing digestive enzymes.

Network of protein filaments that helps the cell maintain its shape.

Fine, threadlike proteins found in the cell's cytoskeleton.

A hollow rod composed of tubulin proteins.

Located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division.

Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Internal membrane system found in eukaryotic cells.

Golgi apparatus (Bodies)

A system of membranes that modifies, sorts and packages proteins.

Captures energy from sunlight and changes it to a form of energy cells can use.

A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane.

Flexible double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane.

Selectively permeable

Some substances can pass across them and others cannot.

The process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Facilitated Diffusion

The process in which molecules pass through special protein channels.

Water channel protein in a cell.

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

The concentration of two solutions is the same on both sides of the membrane.

Having a HIGHER concentration of solute than another solution.

Having a LOWER concentration of solute than another solution.

The force caused by the net movement of water by osmosis.

Constant internal physical and chemical conditions.

How do individual cells maintain homeostasis?

Unicellular organisms grow, respond to the environment, transform energy, and reproduce.

How do the cells of multicellular organisms work together to maintain homeostasis?

Cells become specialized for particular tasks and communicate with one another.

Group of similar cells that perform a particular function.

A body structure composed of different kinds of tissues.

Group of organs that work together to perform a specific function.

Chapter 8 Cell Structure and Function Flashcards

Student preview

57 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Cell theory

Back

All living things are made up of cells.

Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.

New cells are produced from existing cells.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

cells

Back

Basic unit of life

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

How do microscopes work?

Back

Lenses are used to magnify the image of an object by focusing light or electrons.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

cell membrane

Back

The thin flexible barrier that surrounds the cell.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Nucleus

Back

Large membrane-enclosed structure that contains genetic material in the form of DNA.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Eukaryotes

Back

Cells that enclose their DNA in nuclei.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Prokaryotes

Back

Cells that do not contain nuclei.

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