FCLE Other Amendments Flash Cards - Tunez

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14^th Amendment

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Designed to integrate black Americans into society and protect them.  Expanded federal power to be guardians of Civil Liberties and Civil Rights instead of states.

·        Citizenship Clause

·        Equal Protection Clause

·        Due Process Clause

·        2^nd Reconstruction Amendment

 

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14^th Amendment’s Citizenship Clause

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·        All people born in the US are citizens

 

·        Overturned the Dred Scott v Sanford decision (made former slaves citizens)

 

·        US one of few nations that has birthright citizenship

 

 

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14^th Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause

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·        Government cannot discriminate based on race, gender or in voting

·        Foundation of federal Civil Rights laws

·        Plessy v Ferguson

·        Korematsu v US

·        Brown v Board

·        Baker v Carr

·        Shaw v Reno

·        Regents of UC v Bakke

·        Bush v Gore

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14^th Amendment’s Due Process Clause

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Selective Incorporation: When SCOTUS uses this clause to make part of the Bill of Rights binding on the states. Takes power away from the states!

·        Applies to Civil Liberties

·        Mapp v Ohio

·        Gideon v Wainright

·        Roe v Wade

·        McDonald v Chicago

 

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15^th Amendment

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·        All men can vote (universal male suffrage)

 

·        Suffrage for all black men

 

·        3^rd Reconstruction Amendment

 

 

 

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17^th Amendment

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·        Created popular voting for US Senators

 

·        Previously elected by state congresses

 

·        At-Large Voting: when the citizens of the entire state vote for one thing/person

 

 

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23^rd Amendment

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Gave Washington DC 3 electoral college votes

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24^th Amendment

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·        Eliminated poll taxes

 

·        Poll tax: A tax that must be paid before one can vote. Used as a tactic to prevent blacks from voting.

 

·  Expanded black suffrage.

 

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26^th Amendment

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Lowered the legal voting age to 18 years old

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20^th Amendment

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·        Change start of new president’s term from March 4^th to January 20^th

·        Changed start of Congressional terms to January 3^rd

·        Reduced “lame duck” period

·        Lame Duck: Period between losing an election and the transfer of power. Bad because laws passed during this time lack popular support.