Experimental Design Concepts

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Independent Variable

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The variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test the effects on the dependent variable.

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Dependent Variable

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The variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment.

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Control Variable

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A variable used to compare to the experimental groups.

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Constant

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A factor that does not change during an experiment.

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Experimental Group

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The group in an experiment that receives the variable being tested.

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Control Group

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The group in an experiment that does not receive the test variable, used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do.

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X Axis

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The horizontal axis in a graph, typically representing the independent variable.

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Y Axis

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The vertical axis in a graph, typically representing the dependent variable.

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Hypothesis

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A proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

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Claim

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A statement of what you think is happening.