Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

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Photosynthesis Noun

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[foh-toh-SIN-thuh-sus]

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Photosynthesis

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A chemical process where plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create their own food and release oxygen.

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Example: The image shows how plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make food and release oxygen.

Front

Cellular Respiration Noun

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[SEL-yuh-ler res-puh-RAY-shun]

Back

Cellular Respiration

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A chemical process in cells that breaks down food molecules to release usable energy in the form of ATP.

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Example: The image shows how glucose and oxygen are converted into carbon dioxide, water, and ATP energy in cells.

Front

Glucose Noun

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[GLOO-kohs]

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Glucose

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A simple sugar molecule that serves as a primary source of energy for organisms, produced during photosynthesis.

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Example: A diagram showing glucose's molecular structure, highlighting carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.

Front

Epidermal cell Noun

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[eh-puh-DUR-mul sel]

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Epidermal cell

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A flat, irregularly shaped cell forming the protective outer layer on the top and bottom of a leaf.

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Example: The image shows epidermal cells forming the leaf's outer layer, protecting inner structures.

Front

Stomata Noun

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[STOH-muh-tuh]

Back

Stomata

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Tiny pores, typically on the underside of leaves, that allow for the exchange of gases like CO₂ and oxygen.

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Example: The image shows stomata on a leaf, with arrows indicating CO₂ entering and O₂ exiting, explaining gas exchange.

Front

Cuticle Noun

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[KYOO-ti-kuhl]

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Cuticle

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A waxy, water-repellent layer produced by epidermal cells that covers the outer surface of a plant's leaves.

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Example: The image shows the cuticle as a waxy layer on the leaf surface, protecting it from water loss.

Front

Mesophyll Noun

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[ME-zuh-fil]

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Mesophyll

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The internal tissue of a leaf, containing chloroplasts, where the majority of photosynthesis takes place.

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Example: This diagram shows the mesophyll in a leaf, where photosynthesis happens, with clear labels for parts like the stoma and air spaces.

Front

Chloroplast Noun

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[KLOR-uh-plast]

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Chloroplast

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A specialized organelle found in plant and algae cells that is the primary site of photosynthesis.

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Example: The image shows a chloroplast inside a plant leaf, highlighting parts like the thylakoid and stroma, where photosynthesis occurs.

Front

Pigment Noun

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[PIG-muhnt]

Back

Pigment

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A natural substance that produces color in plant or animal tissue by absorbing and reflecting specific wavelengths of light.

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Example: Pigments in plants absorb specific wavelengths of light, reflecting others to give plants their color.

Front

Chlorophyll Noun

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[KLOR-uh-fil]

Back

Chlorophyll

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The primary green pigment in chloroplasts that captures light energy from the sun to power the process of photosynthesis.

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Example: This image shows a chloroplast, highlighting where chlorophyll is located, which captures sunlight for photosynthesis.