Reproduction in Plants and Animals

Front

Reproduction Noun

---

[ree-pro-duk-shun]

Back

Reproduction

---

A biological process by which new individual organisms, or offspring, are produced from their parents to ensure species continuation.

---

Example: Hydra budding shows a new organism growing from the parent, demonstrating asexual reproduction.

Front

Traits Noun

---

[trayts]

Back

Traits

---

Specific characteristics of an organism, determined by genetic material, that are passed from parents to their offspring.

---

Example: The image shows how traits are passed from parent plants to offspring through cross-pollination, resulting in similar pea plants.

Front

Genetic Material Noun

---

[juh-net-ik muh-teer-ee-ul]

Back

Genetic Material

---

The material, such as DNA, found within a cell that carries the instructions for an organism's traits.

---

Example: The image shows the nucleus containing chromatin, which is the genetic material carrying instructions for traits.

Front

Sexual Reproduction Noun

---

[sek-shoo-ul ree-pro-duk-shun]

Back

Sexual Reproduction

---

A type of reproduction requiring two parents to combine their genetic material, resulting in genetically unique offspring.

---

Example: The image shows how pollen from one flower is transferred to another, resulting in seeds and new plants, illustrating sexual reproduction.

Front

Asexual Reproduction Noun

---

[ay-sek-shoo-ul ree-pro-duk-shun]

Back

Asexual Reproduction

---

A type of reproduction involving only one parent that produces offspring genetically identical to that parent.

---

Example: The image shows how a hydra reproduces asexually by budding, creating a new hydra genetically identical to the parent.

Front

Egg Cell Noun

---

[eg sel]

Back

Egg Cell

---

The female reproductive cell, or gamete, which contains half of the parent's genetic material needed for reproduction.

---

Example: The image shows an egg cell with labeled parts like yolk and nucleus, explaining its structure.

Front

Sperm Cell Noun

---

[spurm sel]

Back

Sperm Cell

---

The male reproductive cell, or gamete, which contains half of the parent's genetic material for reproduction.

---

Example: This diagram shows the parts of a sperm cell, including the head, middle piece, and tail, with labels for each part.

Front

Courtship Noun

---

[kort-ship]

Back

Courtship

---

A set of behaviors in which an animal performs displays or actions to attract a mate for reproduction.

---

Example: Penguins engage in courtship by bowing and preening to attract a mate.

Front

Vocalization Noun

---

[voh-kul-eye-zay-shun]

Back

Vocalization

---

The use of sounds, such as songs, calls, or croaks, as a behavioral method to attract a mate.

---

Example: A bird uses different sounds to attract a mate, shown by wave diagrams indicating volume and pitch.

Front

Fertilization Noun

---

[fur-til-eye-zay-shun]

Back

Fertilization

---

The process in which male and female reproductive cells, or gametes, unite to form a new organism.

---

Example: The image shows sperm cells approaching an egg, illustrating fertilization in biology.