MS-PS1-3: Synthetic Materials and Natural Resources

Front

Element Noun

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[el-uh-muhnt]

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Element

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A fundamental substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by any chemical means.

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Example: An atom of oxygen showing protons, neutrons, and electrons, representing a fundamental element.

Front

Atom Noun

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[at-uhm]

Back

Atom

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The smallest particle of an element that still has all the chemical properties of that element.

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Example: The diagram shows an atom with protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in shells.

Front

Chemical Property Noun

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[kem-i-kuhl prop-er-tee]

Back

Chemical Property

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A characteristic of a substance that is observed during a reaction in which the substance's chemical identity changes.

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Example: Mixing iron with hydrochloric acid produces gas bubbles, showing a chemical property.

Front

Physical Property Noun

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[fiz-i-kuhl prop-er-tee]

Back

Physical Property

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A characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical identity.

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Example: Gold's shiny appearance is a physical property that can be observed without changing its chemical identity.

Front

Phase Noun

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[feyz]

Back

Phase

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A distinct form of matter, such as solid, liquid, or gas, defined by its particle arrangement and interactions.

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Example: The image shows how particles are arranged in solids, liquids, and gases, illustrating the concept of phases.

Front

Freezing Noun

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[free-zing]

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Freezing

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The process of a substance changing its phase from a liquid to a solid state upon cooling.

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Example: Water molecules arrange into a solid hexagonal pattern when freezing.

Front

Melting Point Noun

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[mel-ting point]

Back

Melting Point

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The specific temperature at which a substance transitions from a solid state to a liquid state.

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Example: Ice melts into water at 0°C, showing the melting point transition from solid to liquid.

Front

Freezing Point Noun

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[free-zing point]

Back

Freezing Point

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The specific temperature at which a substance transitions from a liquid state to a solid state.

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Example: The image shows a thermometer indicating the freezing point where a liquid becomes solid.

Front

Evaporation Noun

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[ih-vap-uh-rey-shuhn]

Back

Evaporation

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The process by which a substance in a liquid state changes to a gaseous state due to an increase in temperature.

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Example: Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate, turning it into vapor.

Front

Condensation Noun

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[kon-den-sey-shuhn]

Back

Condensation

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The process by which a substance in a gaseous state changes to a liquid state due to cooling.

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Example: Warm moist air hits a cold surface, forming water droplets.