MS-PS1-6: Thermal Energy Design

Front

Combustion Noun

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[kuhm-buhs-chn]

Back

Combustion

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A chemical reaction that occurs when a substance burns in the presence of oxygen, producing heat and light energy.

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Example: Combustion occurs when hydrocarbons burn in oxygen, producing carbon dioxide, water, heat, and light.

Front

Reactant Noun

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[ree-ak-tnt]

Back

Reactant

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A substance that enters into and is altered during a chemical reaction, with its atoms rearranging to form products.

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Example: Hydrogen and oxygen molecules react to form water, showing reactants and products.

Front

Product Noun

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[prod-uhkt]

Back

Product

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A new substance that is formed as the result of the atomic rearrangement that occurs during a chemical reaction.

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Example: Methane and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide and water, showing new substances as products.

Front

Exothermic reaction Noun

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[ek-soh-thur-mik ree-ak-shn]

Back

Exothermic reaction

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A chemical reaction that releases energy into the surrounding environment, typically in the form of thermal energy and light.

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Example: Burning wood releases energy as heat and light, showing an exothermic reaction.

Front

Thermal Energy Noun

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[thur-muhl en-er-jee]

Back

Thermal Energy

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The internal energy of an object due to the kinetic energy of its atoms, which is often transferred as heat.

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Example: Heat flows from a hot object to a cold one, showing thermal energy transfer.

Front

Constraints Noun

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[kuhn-streynts]

Back

Constraints

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Limitations or conditions, such as cost, safety, or available materials, that must be considered and met in an engineering design.

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Example: Constraints are limitations like cost or safety in solving engineering problems.

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Model Noun

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[mod-l]

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Model

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A representation of a system or object that engineers develop and use to test their ideas before building the real thing.

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Example: A blueprint and tools show how engineers plan and test ideas before building.

Front

Data Noun

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[dey-tuh]

Back

Data

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Facts, measurements, and statistics collected during investigations and tests that are analyzed to compare solutions and make decisions.

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Example: Data is collected in a spreadsheet and shown in a pie chart to compare Skittles colors.

Front

Variable Noun

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[vair-ee-uh-buhl]

Back

Variable

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A factor, trait, or condition that can be measured, controlled, or changed in an experiment, investigation, or simulation.

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Example: The image shows plants under different colored lights, demonstrating how light color is a variable in an experiment.

Front

Simulation Noun

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[sim-yoo-ley-shn]

Back

Simulation

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A computer-based representation or model that imitates a real-world system or process using mathematical equations and logic.

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Example: A flight simulator uses screens and controls to imitate flying an aircraft, demonstrating simulation.