MS-ETS1-1: Design Constraints and Impacts

Front

Criterion Noun

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[krahy-teer-ee-uhn]

Back

Criterion

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A standard or principle on which a judgment or decision may be based, guiding the engineering design process.

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Example: A checklist represents criteria used to guide decisions in engineering design.

Front

Constraint Noun

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[kuhn-streynt]

Back

Constraint

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A limitation or restriction, such as available budget, materials, or time, that affects an engineering design or project.

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Example: A slingshot's rubber band limits how far and fast it can shoot, similar to constraints in projects.

Front

Prototype Noun

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[proh-tuh-tahyp]

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Prototype

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An early test model of a product used to evaluate a design's functionality and performance before full-scale production.

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Example: A blueprint and light bulb show how a prototype is an early model to test design ideas.

Front

Oscillation Noun

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[os-uh-ley-shuhn]

Back

Oscillation

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A regular, repeating pattern of movement back and forth or side to side around a central point or equilibrium.

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Example: The image shows a wave oscillating back and forth, illustrating oscillation with labeled parts like wavelength and amplitude.

Front

Acoustics Noun

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[uh-koo-stiks]

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Acoustics

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The branch of physics that is concerned with the properties, production, control, and effects of sound waves.

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Example: This diagram shows sound waves with labeled parts like compression, rarefaction, amplitude, and wavelength, explaining how sound travels.

Front

Reverberation Noun

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[ri-vur-buh-rey-shuhn]

Back

Reverberation

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The persistence of sound in a particular space caused by reflections after the original sound source has stopped.

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Example: Sound waves reflect in a room, causing reverberation after the original sound stops.

Front

Noise Pollution Noun

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[noiz puh-loo-shuhn]

Back

Noise Pollution

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The presence of harmful or annoying levels of noise in an environment, which can negatively affect health.

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Example: The image shows various sources of noise pollution, like traffic and aircraft, affecting a building.

Front

Impulse Noun

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[im-puhls]

Back

Impulse

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A force applied over a specific period of time that results in a change in an object's momentum.

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Example: A spring pushes a ball, showing force applied over time, changing the ball's speed.

Front

Crumple Zone Noun

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[kruhm-puhl zohn]

Back

Crumple Zone

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A structural area in a vehicle designed to deform and absorb energy during a collision to protect passengers.

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Example: The image shows how a car's crumple zone absorbs impact to protect passengers during a crash.

Front

Safety Compartment Noun

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[seyf-tee kuhm-pahrt-muhnt]

Back

Safety Compartment

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A reinforced area of a vehicle's structure that protects passengers by resisting deformation and intrusion during a crash.

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Example: The image shows a car with crash test dummies, highlighting the reinforced area that protects passengers in a crash.