Water Pasteurization

Front

Pasteurization Noun

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[pas-chur-uh-zey-shuhn]

Back

Pasteurization

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A process that uses controlled heat to kill harmful microorganisms in substances like water or milk, making them safer.

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Example: Heating water with arrows shows how pasteurization kills harmful microorganisms.

[TEST-1757674764]

Front

Thermal Energy Noun

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[thur-muhl en-er-jee]

Back

Thermal Energy

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The total internal energy of a substance, resulting from the random motion of its atoms and molecules.

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Example: Molecules in a hot area move faster, transferring thermal energy to a cooler area.

Front

Kinetic Energy Noun

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[ki-net-ik en-er-jee]

Back

Kinetic Energy

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The energy an object or particle possesses because of its motion; faster movement means more kinetic energy.

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Example: A roller coaster moving down a track shows kinetic energy as it speeds up.

Front

Temperature Noun

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[tem-per-uh-cher]

Back

Temperature

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A measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual atoms or molecules within a particular substance.

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Example: Particles in warmer areas move faster, showing higher temperature and energy.

Front

Molecule Noun

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[mol-i-kyool]

Back

Molecule

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The smallest particle of a substance, made of two or more atoms chemically bonded together, that retains its properties.

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Example: The image shows a water molecule, with two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom, illustrating how molecules are made of atoms bonded together.

Front

Collision Noun

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[kuh-lizh-uhn]

Back

Collision

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An event where two or more moving objects or particles forcefully strike each other, often resulting in energy transfer.

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Example: Two balls colliding with arrows show how objects transfer energy during a collision.

Front

Energy Transfer Noun

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[en-er-jee trans-fur]

Back

Energy Transfer

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The movement of energy from one object, particle, or system to another, such as heat flowing to a colder object.

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Example: Heat flows from hot water to cold water, demonstrating energy transfer.

Front

System Noun

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[sis-tuhm]

Back

System

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A group of interacting or related parts that form a unified whole and are the subject of scientific study.

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Example: A diagram showing how biology, computation, and technology interact as a system.

Front

Equilibrium Noun

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[ee-kwuh-lib-ree-uhm]

Back

Equilibrium

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A state of balance within a system where there is no net change, such as when objects reach equal temperature.

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Example: A balanced scale with equal weights shows equilibrium, like when temperatures equalize.

Front

Claim Noun

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[kleym]

Back

Claim

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A statement that asserts something to be true, which answers a scientific question and requires evidence for support.

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Example: A graphic organizer helps students structure a scientific claim with evidence and reasoning.