Investigating Attraction and Phase Change

Front

Molecule Noun

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[mol-uh-kyool]

Back

Molecule

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The smallest unit of a substance, made of one or more atoms bonded together, that retains the substance's properties.

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Example: Shows a water molecule with two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom.

Front

Phase Noun

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[fayz]

Back

Phase

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A distinct form in which matter can exist, such as a solid, liquid, or gas, also known as a state.

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Example: Shows how particles are arranged in solids, liquids, and gases, explaining the concept of phases in matter.

Front

Solid Noun

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[sol-id]

Back

Solid

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A state of matter with a definite shape and volume, where particles are tightly packed and vibrate in fixed positions.

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Example: The image shows a solid structure where particles are tightly packed in a fixed position, representing the solid state of matter.

Front

Liquid Noun

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[lik-wid]

Back

Liquid

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A state of matter with a definite volume but no fixed shape, where particles are close and can slide past one another.

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Example: A glass of liquid with a zoom-in shows particles close together, explaining liquid's definite volume but no fixed shape.

Front

Gas Noun

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[gas]

Back

Gas

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A state of matter with no definite shape or volume, where particles are far apart and move randomly and rapidly.

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Example: The image shows different gases like air and helium, illustrating that gases have no fixed shape or volume.

Front

Freedom of Movement Noun

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[free-duhm uv moov-muhnt]

Back

Freedom of Movement

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The ability of molecules within a substance to move relative to each other, which determines the substance's state of matter.

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Example: Molecules in a gas move freely, while in a solid they are tightly packed.

Front

Kinetic Energy Noun

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[ki-net-ik en-er-jee]

Back

Kinetic Energy

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The energy an object or particle possesses due to its motion, which increases with the particle's speed and mass.

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Example: A cyclist gains kinetic energy as they move downhill, showing energy due to motion.

Front

Molecular Attraction Noun

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[mo-lek-yuh-ler uh-trak-shuhn]

Back

Molecular Attraction

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The force of attraction between molecules that holds them together, influencing the substance's physical properties and state of matter.

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Example: The image shows how hydrogen and oxygen atoms attract to form a water molecule, demonstrating molecular attraction.

Front

Temperature Noun

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[tem-per-uh-cher]

Back

Temperature

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A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, indicating how hot or cold it is.

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Example: Particles in a hot area move faster than those in a cold area, showing temperature differences.

Front

Energy Transfer Noun

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[en-er-jee trans-fur]

Back

Energy Transfer

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The movement of energy from one system or object to another, which can occur through processes like conduction or radiation.

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Example: Heat flows from the hot beaker to the cold beaker, showing energy transfer by conduction.