APES Practice Test

Front

What characterizes a country in stage 2 of the demographic transition model?

Back

In stage 2, birth rates are high and death rates are declining, leading to rapid population growth.

Front

What is a nonanthropogenic source of carbon dioxide emissions?

Back

Cellular respiration is a natural process that releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Front

What structure's meltdown at a nuclear power plant would likely lead to radiation release?

Back

The reactor core is the structure where a meltdown would most likely lead to the accidental release of radiation.

Front

What mathematical routine estimates biomass in a pyramid based on thermodynamics?

Back

The routine is 18,705 kg × 0.10 × 0.10.

Front

What is the consequence of decreasing albedo in the Arctic?

Back

Decreasing albedo leads to increasing absorption of heat by the ocean, creating a positive feedback loop.

Front

Define 'demographic transition model'.

Back

A model that describes the transition of a country from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as it develops.

Front

What is 'albedo'?

Back

Albedo is the measure of reflectivity of a surface, indicating how much sunlight is reflected back into space.

Front

Explain 'positive feedback loop' in environmental science.

Back

A process where an initial change causes further changes that amplify the original effect, often leading to environmental degradation.

Front

What is 'cellular respiration'?

Back

A metabolic process in which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, producing carbon dioxide as a byproduct.

Front

What are the primary components of a nuclear reactor?

Back

The primary components include the reactor core, control rods, coolant, and containment structure.