Atoms basics

Front

What is an atom?

Back

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. It consists of a nucleus made of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.

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What are protons?

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Protons are positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. The number of protons determines the atomic number and the identity of the element.

Front

What are neutrons?

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Neutrons are neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They contribute to the mass of the atom but do not affect its charge.

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What are electrons?

Back

Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom. They are involved in chemical bonding and reactions.

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What is the atomic number?

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The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It determines the element's identity and its position on the periodic table.

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What is a neutral atom?

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A neutral atom has an equal number of protons and electrons, resulting in no overall charge.

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What is the mass number?

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The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

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What is the electron configuration?

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Electron configuration is the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals, which determines its chemical properties.

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What is the outer shell of an atom?

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The outer shell, or valence shell, is the highest energy level of electrons in an atom. It determines how the atom interacts with other atoms.

Front

What is a chemical bond?

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A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms that enables the formation of chemical compounds. It can be ionic or covalent.