Exam 5 Review 2020

Front

What is a replication fork?

Back

A replication fork is the Y-shaped structure that forms when the two strands of DNA separate during DNA replication.

Front

How many possible gametes can be produced from the genotype RrYY?

Back

2 possible gametes: RY and rY.

Front

Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA?

Back

cRNA is not a recognized type of RNA; the main types are mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA.

Front

What is sexual reproduction?

Back

Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that involves the combination of genetic material from two different cells.

Front

What is the function of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is used to decode the genetic code and carry instructions from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

Define enzyme.

Back

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the coded mRNA sequence.

Front

What is the difference between diploid and haploid cells?

Back

Diploid cells contain two complete sets of chromosomes (one from each parent), while haploid cells contain only one set.

Front

What is the purpose of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in mRNA is translated into proteins.