Cell Structure & Function Flashcards

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Cell membrane

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Thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

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Nucleus

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In cells, the structure that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA.

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Cytoplasm

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In eukaryotic cells, all the cellular contents outside the nucleus; in prokaryotic cells, all of the cell's contents.

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Organelle

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Specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a cell.

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Vacuole

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Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.

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Lysosomes

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Cell organelle that breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell.

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Cytoskeleton

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Network of protein filaments in a eukaryotic cell that gives the cell its shape and internal organization.

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Centriole

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Structure in an animal cell that helps organize cell division.

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Ribosome

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Cell organelle consisting of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in a cell; site of protein synthesis.

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Endoplasmic Reticulum

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Internal membrane system found in eukaryotic cells; place where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled.